小児の肥満は免疫介在性の皮膚疾患と関連
体重増加でアトピー性皮膚炎のリスク上昇、体重減少でリスク低下の可能性
ソウル国立大学医学部(韓国)のSeong Rae Kim氏らは、韓国の小児約216万人を対象とした長期的なコホート(2009年〜2020年)において、BMIまたはBMIの変化と、免疫介在性の主な皮膚疾患3種(円形脱毛症、アトピー性皮膚炎〔AD〕、乾癬)の発症との関連を解析した。
その結果、肥満の小児は標準体重の小児に比べて、免疫介在性の皮膚疾患のリスクが有意に高いことがわかった。BMIが高いほどADのリスクが高くなり、一方で、BMIが低いほどADのリスクが低くなった。標準体重から過体重に移行した小児は、標準体重を維持した小児よりもADのリスクが高かった(調整ハザード比1.15)。しかし、BMIが減少(過体重から標準体重)した小児は、過体重を維持した小児よりもADリスクが低かった(同0.87)。
著者らは、「栄養面の計画など、体重を減らすための介入を行うことは、小児における免疫介在性の皮膚疾患の発症リスクを低下させることに役立つ可能性がある」と述べている。
Childhood Obesity Tied to Pediatric Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases
Weight gain may increase atopic dermatitis risk, while weight loss may lower the risk
TUESDAY, Aug. 27, 2024 (HealthDay News) -- Early childhood obesity may increase the risk for pediatric immune-mediated skin diseases, according to a study published online Aug. 21 in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology.
Seong Rae Kim, M.D., from the Seoul National University College of Medicine in South Korea, and colleagues examined associations between body mass index or body mass index changes and the development of three main immune-mediated skin diseases: alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis (AD), and psoriasis in a longitudinal cohort of roughly 2.16 million Korean children (2009 to 2020).
The researchers found that children with obesity had a significantly higher risk for pediatric immune-mediated skin diseases than those with normal weight. A higher risk for AD was seen with an increase in body mass index, while a decrease in body mass index correlated with a reduced risk for AD. Transitioning from normal weight to overweight was associated with higher AD risk compared with maintaining a normal weight (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.15). However, those with a decrease in body mass index (overweight to normal weight) had lower AD risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.87) versus children who maintained overweight.
"Implementing purposeful interventions, including nutritional strategies, to decrease body weight may aid in reducing the risk of developing immune-mediated skin diseases in children," the authors write.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology